Speakers · 5 min read

Speaker sensitivity and impedance, explained

These two numbers decide how easily a receiver can drive a speaker — and whether your pairing will play nicely.

Sensitivity: loudness per watt

Sensitivity (in dB) tells you how loud a speaker plays from one watt. Every 3 dB is roughly double the power for the same volume, so a 90 dB speaker needs half the power of an 87 dB one to hit the same level. Higher sensitivity means an easier life for your receiver.

Impedance: the electrical load

Impedance (in ohms) is the electrical resistance the speaker presents. Lower impedance draws more current. Speakers that dip below 4Ω demand a receiver or amplifier built to supply it — otherwise you get distortion or shutdowns at volume.

Reading them together

A low-sensitivity, low-impedance speaker is the most demanding combination and wants serious amplification. A sensitive, benign-impedance speaker is happy on almost any receiver. Our compatibility checker weighs both against the receiver you have chosen.

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